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Changes in Poverty Rates 

Joseph Connors and James D. Gwartney

Mar 21, 2023

  • CSE 2.7 Free trade: People achieve higher incomes when they are free to trade with individuals in other countries. 

  • CSE 2.1 Competitive markets: Competition promotes the efficient use of resources and provides the incentive for innovative improvements.

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Economic freedom—driven by free trade, secure property rights, the rule of law, and entrepreneurship—has been one of the most effective forces in reducing poverty worldwide. Countries with higher economic freedom have extreme poverty rates that are, on average, 15 times lower than those with the least freedom.

Changes in Poverty Rates 
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